1: Discuss the history of bathymetry from the early voyagers to the scientists of today.
Bathymetry is the measurement of depth of water in oceans, lakes, or seas. For hundreds of years, the only way they used to measure ocean depth was a sounding line. A sounding line includes a weighted rope or wire that was lowered over the boat until it touches the ocean floor. But then they realized that this method was time consuming and also very inaccurate
2. Modern techniques and technologies
In the 20th century, sounding lines were replaced by sonar systems. This method was invented during WWII to measure distances. They do this by emitting a "short pulse of high frequency sound" they then measure this until an echo is heard.
3. Features and boundaries characterizing the continental shelf, shelf break, slope and rise.
The continental shelf is a flat, wide margin and is found in every continent. This area is a few hundred feet deep. The average width of this area is 70 kilometers or 43 miles. The shelf break is where the continental shelf would end. The continental slope is a steep embankment. It "grooved" by submarine canyons and gullies. The continental rise is a gradual zone that can be several hundred miles wide. It is made of fine-grained continental sediments that are washed down from submarine canyons.
4: List the various types of continental margins and their relationships to plate margins.
The two types of continental margins are passive and active margins. Passive margins contain continental shelves and continental slopes and rise. Active Margins contain Continental shelves, continental slopes, and ocean or submarine trenches. Passive continental margins are found along coastlines. Active continental margin is found on the leading edge of the continent where it is crashing into an oceanic plate.